The process for handling cases requiring corrections, retractions, and editorial expressions of concern

  1. Identification: The issue is identified by the editorial team, readers, or other stakeholders.
  2. Investigation: The editorial team will conduct an internal investigation to determine the accuracy of the information in question and the extent of the problem.
  3. Correction or Retraction: If the information is found to be inaccurate, a correction or retraction is issued. The correction or retraction will be prominently displayed and will clearly state what information was incorrect and what the correct information is.
  4. Editorial Expression of Concern: If the issue is more serious, such as scientific misconduct, an editorial expression of concern may be issued. This is a statement from the editorial team indicating that there is a concern about the integrity of the work and that an investigation is underway.
  5. Follow-up: The editorial team will follow up to ensure that the correction or retraction is widely disseminated and that any necessary changes have been made to prevent similar issues in the future.
  6. Re-review/ Re-evaluation : The article will be re-evaluated by independent experts or peer-reviewers to ensure that the work is scientifically sound and that all corrections have been made.